Coordinates	52°05′36″N5°7′10″N
Name	Helsinki
Official name
Native name	–
Nickname	Stadi (for Helsinkians) :Hesa (for out-of-towners)
Settlement type	City
Image shield	Helsinki.vaakuna.svg
Pushpin map	Finland
Pushpin map caption	Location of Helsinki in Finland
Pushpin mapsize	280
Region	Uusimaa
Subregion	Helsinki
Leader title	Mayor
Leader name	Jussi Pajunen
Established title	Charter
Established date	1550
Established title2	Capital city
Established date2	1812
Area urban km2	+ + + }}

|area_metro_km2 = + + + + + + + + + + + }} |population_metro = + + + + + + + + + + + }} |population_blank1_title = Demonym |population_blank1 83.3% = (Finnish), (Swedish) |population_density_metro_km2 = + + + + + + + + + + + ) / ( + + + + + + + + + + + ) round 2 }} |population_urban = + + + }} |population_density_urban_km2 = + + + ) / ( + + + ) round 2}} |finnish_official = 1 |swedish_official = 1 |sami_official = |latd=60 |latm=10 |lats=15 |latNS=N |longd=024 |longm=56 |longs=15 |longEW=E |elevation_m = |postal_code = |website = www.hel.fi |footnotes = }}

Helsinki (; , ) is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is }} ( }}), making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is located some east of Stockholm, Sweden, west of St. Petersburg, Russia and north of Tallinn, Estonia. Helsinki has close historical connections with these three cities.

The Helsinki Metropolitan Area includes the city of Helsinki and three other cities: Espoo and Vantaa, which immediately border Helsinki to the west and north, respectively; and Kauniainen, which is an enclave within the city of Espoo. The Helsinki metropolitan area is the world's northernmost urban area among those with a population of over one million people, and the city is the northernmost capital of a EU member state. Altogether 1.1 million people, approximately one in five Finns, live in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area.

Helsinki is Finland's major political, educational, financial, cultural and research centre as well as one of northern Europe's major cities. Approximately 70% of foreign companies operating in Finland have settled in the Helsinki region.

The nearby city of Vantaa in the Helsinki metropolitan area is the location of Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, with frequent service to various destinations in Europe and Asia. Since early 2009, Helsinki has been exploring a merger with Vantaa. On 30 March 2009, the city council of Vantaa agreed to review Helsinki's proposal of a possible merger, while emphasizing that the review is not about the possibility of terminating the existence of the city of Vantaa. On 31 January 2011, the city council of Vantaa turned down Helsinki's proposal of a possible merger, with 45 votes against the proposal compared to 22 in favour of it.

In 2009, Helsinki was chosen to be the World Design Capital for 2012 by the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design. Helsinki narrowly beat out Eindhoven for the title.

History

Early history

Helsinki was established as a trading town by King Gustav I of Sweden in 1550 as the town of Helsingfors, which he intended to be a rival to the Hanseatic city of Reval (today known as Tallinn). Little came of the plans as Helsinki remained a tiny town plagued by poverty, wars, and diseases. The plague of 1710 killed the greater part of the inhabitants of Helsinki. The construction of the naval fortress Sveaborg (In Finnish ''Viapori'', today also ''Suomenlinna'') in the 18th century helped improve Helsinki's status, but it was not until Russia defeated Sweden in the Finnish War and annexed Finland as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809 that the town began to develop into a substantial city.

Czar Alexander I of Russia moved the Finnish capital from Turku to Helsinki to reduce Swedish influence in Finland. The Royal Academy of Turku, back then the country's only university, was relocated to Helsinki in 1827 and eventually became the modern University of Helsinki. The move consolidated the city's new role and helped set it on the path of continuous growth. This transformation is highly apparent in the downtown core, which was rebuilt in neoclassical style to resemble St. Petersburg. As elsewhere, technological advancements such as railroads and industrialization were key factors behind the city's growth.

Twentieth century

Despite the tumultuousness of Finnish history during the first half of the 20th century, Helsinki continued its steady development. A landmark event was the XV Olympiad (1952 Olympic Games) held in Helsinki. Finland's rapid urbanization in the 1970s, occurring late relative to the rest of Europe, tripled the population in the metropolitan area, and the Helsinki Metro subway system was built. The relatively sparse population density of Helsinki and its peculiar structure have often been attributed to the lateness of its growth.

Name

The Swedish name '''' ( or ) is the original official name of the city of Helsinki (in the very beginning, spelled ''Hellssingeforss''). The Finnish language form of the name probably originates from ''Helsinga'' and similar names used for the river that is currently known as the Vantaa River as documented already in the 14th century. ''Helsinki'' (pronounced with the stress on the first syllable: ), is used to refer to the city in all languages except Swedish, Norwegian and Danish. ''Helsingfors'' comes from the name of the surrounding parish, ''Helsinge'' (source for Finnish ''Helsinki'') and the rapids (), which flowed through the original village. The name ''Helsinge'' may have originated with medieval Swedish settlers who came from Hälsingland in Sweden. Others have proposed that the name derives from the Swedish word ''hals'' (neck), referring to the narrowest part of the river, i.e. the rapids.

In Helsinki slang the city is known as ''Stadi'' (from the Swedish word ''stad'', meaning "city"). Elsewhere in Finland, in colloquial Finnish its nickname is ''Hesa''. '''' is the Northern Saami name of Helsinki.

Geography

Helsinki is spread across a number of bays and peninsulas and over a number of islands. The inner city area occupies a southern peninsula, which is rarely referred to by its actual name Vironniemi. Population density in certain parts of Helsinki's inner city area is very high, reaching in the district of Kallio, but as a whole Helsinki's population density of ranks it as quite sparsely populated in comparison to other European capital cities. Much of Helsinki outside the inner city area consists of postwar suburbs separated from each other by patches of forest. A narrow, ten-kilometre-long (6 mi) Helsinki Central Park that stretches from the inner city to the northern border of Helsinki is an important recreational area for residents.

Major islands in Helsinki include Seurasaari, Lauttasaari and Korkeasaari – the latter being the site of the country's biggest zoo. Other significant islands are the fortress island of Suomenlinna (Sveaborg) and the military island of Santahamina. Pihlajasaari island is a favourite summer spot for gay men and naturists, very much comparable to Fire Island off New York City.

Climate

Helsinki has a humid continental climate. Owing to the mitigating influence of the Baltic Sea and Gulf Stream, temperatures in winter are much higher than the far northern location might suggest, with the average in January and February around . Temperatures below occur normally a week or two in a year. However, because of the latitude, days last less than six hours around the winter solstice with really low Sun rays, and the very cloudy weather at this time of year accentuates the darkness. Conversely, Helsinki enjoys long days in summer, close to nineteen hours around the summer solstice. The average maximum temperature from June to August is around 19 to 21 °C (66 to 70 °F). Due to the marine effect, especially in the summer daily temperatures are cooler and night temperatures are higher than further away in the mainland. As near as in Vantaa, the climate is surprisingly much more continental, with warmer summers and colder winters. The highest temperature ever recorded at city centre was on 28 July 2010 and the lowest was on 10 January 1987.

Cityscape

Carl Ludvig Engel (1778–1840) was appointed to design a new city centre all on his own. He designed several neoclassical buildings in Helsinki. The focal point of Engel's city plan is the Senate Square. It is surrounded by the Government Palace (to the east), the main building of the University (to the west), and (to the north) the enormous Cathedral, which was finished in 1852, twelve years after C. L. Engel's death. Subsequently, Engel's neoclassical plan stimulated the epithet, ''The White City Of The North''. Helsinki is, however, perhaps even more famous for its numerous Art Nouveau (Jugend in Finnish) buildings, designed in the early 1900s and strongly influenced by the Kalevala, which is a very popular theme in the national romantic art of that era. Helsinki's Art Nouveau style is also featured in large residential areas such as Katajanokka and Ullanlinna. The master of the Finnish Art Nouveau was Eliel Saarinen (1873–1950), whose architectural masterpiece was the Helsinki central railway station.

Helsinki also features several buildings by the world-renowned Finnish architect Alvar Aalto (1898–1976), recognized as one of the pioneers of architectural functionalism. However, some of his works, such as the headquarters of the paper company Stora Enso and the concert venue, Finlandia Hall, have been subject to divided opinions from the citizens.

Renowned functionalist buildings in Helsinki by other architects include the Olympic Stadium, the Tennis Palace, the Rowing Stadium, the Swimming Stadium, the Velodrome, the Glass Palace, the Exhibition Hall (now Töölö Sports Hall) and Helsinki-Malmi Airport. The sports venues were built to serve the 1940 Helsinki Olympic Games; the games were initially cancelled due to the Second World War, but the venues eventually got to fulfill their purpose in the 1952 Olympic Games. Many of them are listed by DoCoMoMo as significant examples of modern architecture. The Olympic Stadium and Helsinki-Malmi Airport are in addition catalogued by the National Board of Antiquities as cultural-historical environments of national significance.

As a historical footnote, Helsinki's neoclassical buildings were often used as a backdrop for scenes set to take place in the Soviet Union in many Cold War era Hollywood movies, when filming in the USSR was not possible. Some of the more notable ones are ''The Kremlin Letter'' (1970), ''Reds'' (1981) and ''Gorky Park'' (1983). Because some streetscapes were reminiscent of Leningrad's and Moscow's old buildings, they too were used in movie productions—much to some residents' dismay. At the same time the government secretly instructed Finnish officials not to extend assistance to such film projects.

Government

The city council of Helsinki consists of eighty-five members. The three largest parties are National Coalition (26), Greens (21), and Social Democrats (16).

Demographics

Helsinki has a higher proportion of women (53.4%) than elsewhere in Finland (51.1%). Helsinki's current population density of 2,739.36 people per square kilometer is by far the highest in Finland. Life expectancy for both genders is slightly below the national averages: 75.1 years for men as compared to 75.7 years, 81.7 years for women as compared to 82.5 years.

Helsinki has experienced strong growth since the 1810s, when it replaced Turku as the capital of the Grand Duchy of Finland, which later became the sovereign Republic of Finland. The city continued to show strong growth from that time onwards, with the exception during the Finnish Civil War period. From the end of World War II up until the 1970s there was a massive exodus of people from the countryside to the cities of Finland, in particular Helsinki. Between 1944 and 1969 the population of the city nearly doubled from 275,000 to 525600.

In the 1960s, the population growth of Helsinki proper began to ebb mainly due to lack of housing. Many residents began to move to neighboring Espoo and Vantaa, where population growth has since soared. Espoo's population increased ninefold in sixty years, from 22,874 people in 1950 to 244,353 in 2009. Neighboring Vantaa has seen even more dramatic change in the same time span: from 14,976 in 1950 to 197,663 in 2009, a thirteenfold increase. These dramatic increases pushed the municipalities of greater Helsinki into more intense cooperation in such areas as public transportation and waste management. The increasing scarcity of housing and the higher costs of living in the Helsinki metropolitan area have pushed many daily commuters to find housing in formerly very rural areas, and even further, to such cities as Lohja (50 kilometres or 30 miles northwest from the city centre), Hämeenlinna and Lahti (both 100 kilometres or 60 miles from Helsinki, and Porvoo (50 kilometres to the east).

Language

Finnish and Swedish are the official languages of the municipality of Helsinki. The majority, or 84.3% of the population, speak Finnish as their native language. A minority, at 6.1%, speak Swedish. Around 9.6% of the population speak a native language other than Finnish or Swedish. Helsinki slang combines influences from both Finnish, Swedish and Russian languages. While Swedish was historically the majority spoken language of the city (prior to 1890), Finnish today is the common language of communication between Finnish speakers, Swedish speakers and speakers of other languages (new Finns) in day-to-day affairs in the public sphere between unknown persons. In case a speaker's knowledge of Finnish is not known, English is usually spoken. Swedish is commonly spoken in city agencies specifically aimed at Swedish speakers, such as the Social Services Department on Hämeentie or the Luckan Cultural centre in Kamppi. Knowledge of Finnish is also essential in business and is usually a basic requirement in the employment market.

Finnish speakers surpassed Swedish speakers in 1890 to become the majority of the city's population. At the time, Helsinki's population was 61,530.

Immigration

Foreign citizens make up 5.2% (29,200) of the population, while foreign born make up 7.9% (44,400). Of the resident foreigners 33% are EU nationals. In 2008, 55,245 residents spoke a native language other than Finnish, Swedish or Sami. The largest group of residents with a non-Finnish background come from Estonia (5,900), Russia (5,633), Somalia (2,400), China (1,150) and Thailand (680). Half of the immigrant population in Finland lives in greater Helsinki, and one third in the city of Helsinki. 44% of the African population in Finland lives in Helsinki. In 2001, out of all the EU-15 capitals, only Lisbon had a smaller share of immigrants in their population. There are some challenges to integration, as the immigrant unemployment rate on average is 2.5 times higher than native Finns.

Economy

The Helsinki metropolitan area generates approximately one third of Finland's GDP. GDP per capita is roughly 1.3 times the national average.

The metropolitan area's gross value added per capita is 200% of the mean of 27 European metropolitan areas, equalling those of Stockholm or Paris. The gross value added annual growth has been around 4%.

83 of the 100 largest Finnish companies are headquartered in Greater Helsinki. Two-thirds of the 200 highest-paid Finnish executives live in Greater Helsinki and 42% in Helsinki. The average income of the top 50 earners was 1.65 million euro.

The tap water is of excellent quality and it is supplied by long Päijänne Water Tunnel, one of the world's longest continuous rock tunnels. Bottled Helsinki tap water is even sold to countries such as Saudi Arabia.

Education

Helsinki has 190 comprehensive schools, 41 upper secondary schools and 15 vocational institutes. Half of the 41 upper secondary schools are private or state-owned, the other half municipal. Higher level education is given in eight universities (see the section "Universities" below) and four polytechnics.

Universities

University of Helsinki

Aalto University (The Schools of Science are located in Espoo)

Hanken School of Economics

Academy of Fine Arts

Sibelius Academy

Theatre Academy

National Defence University

Polytechnics

Haaga-Helia University Of Applied Sciences

Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences

Arcada University of Applied Sciences

Helsinki is one of the co-location centres of the Knowledge and Innovation Community (Future information and communication society ) of The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT).

Culture

The biggest historical museum in Helsinki is the National Museum of Finland, which displays a vast historical collection from prehistoric times to the 21st century. The museum building itself, a national romantic style neomedieval castle, is a tourist attraction. Other major historical museum is the Helsinki City Museum, which introduces visitors to Helsinki's 500 year history. The University of Helsinki also has many significant museums, including the University Museum and the Natural History Museum.

The Finnish National Gallery consists of three museums: Ateneum Art Museum for classical Finnish art, Sinebrychoff Art Museum for classical European art, and Kiasma Art Museum for modern art. The old Ateneum, a neo-Renaissance palace from 19th century, is one of the city's major historical buildings. All three museum buildings are state-owned through Senate Properties.

Helsinki has three major theatres: The Finnish National Theatre, the Helsinki City Theatre, and the Finland Swedish Svenska Teatern. The city's main musical venues are the Finnish National Opera and the Finlandia concert-hall. Bigger concerts and events are usually held at one of the city's two big ice hockey arenas: the Hartwall Areena or the Helsinki Ice Hall. Helsinki has Finland's largest fairgrounds.

Many widely renowned and acclaimed bands have originated in Helsinki, including Hanoi Rocks, HIM, Stratovarius, The 69 Eyes, Norther, Wintersun, Finntroll, Ensiferum, The Rasmus and Apocalyptica.

Art

The Helsinki Festival is an annual arts and culture festival, which takes place every August (including the Night of the Arts).

Valon Voimat "Forces of Light" is an annual winter arts festival.

Vappu "Vappu" is an annual carnival for students and workers.

Helsinki Arena hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 2007, the first ever Eurovision Song Contest arranged in Finland, following Lordi's win in 2006.

At the Senate Square in September / October 2010, the largest open-air art exhibition ever in Finland took place: About 1.4 million people saw the international exhibition of ''United Buddy Bears''.

Helsinki is the 2012 World Design Capital, in recognition of the use of design as an effective tool for social, cultural and economic development in the city. In choosing Helsinki, the World Design Capital selection jury highlighted Helsinki's use of 'Embedded Design', which has tied design in the city to innovation, "creating global brands, such as Nokia, Kone and Marimekko, popular events, like the annual Helsinki Design Week, outstanding education and research institutions, such as the University of Art and Design Helsinki, and exemplary architects and designers such as Eliel Saarinen and Alvar Aalto".

Media

National media

Helsinki is the centre of the Finnish media, most national newspapers as well as the broadcasters are located there.

Local media

There are two public service local radio stations in Greater Helsinki, Finnish-language ''Ylen aikainen'' (the regional edition of YLE Radio Suomi) and Swedish-language ''YLE Radio Vega Huvudstadsregionen'' (the regional edition of YLE Radio Vega). There are also privately-owned local radio stations.

YLE produces local TV news programme for the region of Uusimaa, ''Uudenmaan uutiset''.

Two daily newspapers, ''Helsingin Sanomat'' and ''Hufvudstadsbladet'' are published in Helsinki and function as the local as well as the national newspapers.

Sports

Helsinki has a long tradition of sports: the city gained much of its initial international recognition during the 1952 Summer Olympics, and the city has since then been very open to arranging sporting events, for example the first World Championships in Athletics 1983 and 2005, and European Championships in Athletics 1971, 1994 and 2012 etc. Helsinki hosts fairly successful local teams in both of the most popular team sports in Finland, football, ice hockey and synchronized skating. Helsinki houses Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi (HJK), Finland's largest and most successful football club. Helsinki's track and field club Helsingin Kisa-Veikot is also pretty dominant in Finland. Ice Hockey is a sport of passion for many Helsinki residents, who usually take a stance for either of the local clubs IFK Helsingfors (HIFK) or Jokerit. HIFK, with 14 Finnish championships titles, also plays in the highest bandy division, so does Botnia -69. The Olympic stadium hosted the 1st ever Bandy World Championships in 1957.

Transportation

Roads

The backbone of Helsinki's motorway network consists of three semicircular ring roads, Ring I, Ring II, and Ring III, which connect together expressways heading to other parts of Finland, and the western and eastern arteries of ''Länsiväylä'' and ''Itäväylä'' respectively. While variants of a ''Keskustatunneli'' tunnel under the city centre have been repeatedly proposed, as of 2011 the plan remains on the drawing board.

Helsinki has some 390 cars per 1000 inhabitants. This is less than in cities of similar density, for instance, Brussels' 483 per 1000 and Stockholm's 401, and Oslo's 413.

Rail transport and buses

Public transportation is generally a hotly debated subject in the local politics of Helsinki. In Helsinki metropolitan area, public transportation is managed under Helsinki Region Transport, the metropolitan area transportation authority. The diverse public transport system consists of trams, commuter rail, the subway, bus lines and two ferry lines.

Today, Helsinki is the only city in Finland to have trams or subway trains. There used to be two other cities in Finland with trams: Turku and Viipuri (Vyborg, now in Russia), but both have since abandoned trams. The Helsinki Metro, opened in the year 1982, is the only subway system in Finland. In 2006, the construction of the long debated extension of the subway system west into Espoo was approved, and serious debate about an eastern extension into Sipoo has taken place.

The possibility of a Helsinki to Tallinn Tunnel is currently being researched. The rail tunnel would connect Helsinki to the Estonian capital Tallinn, further linking Helsinki to the rest of continental Europe by Rail Baltica.

Aviation

Air traffic is handled primarily from the international Helsinki Airport, located approximately north of Helsinki's downtown area, in the neighbouring city of Vantaa. Helsinki's second airport, Malmi Airport, is mainly used for general and private aviation. Copterline has provided fast (18 min.) helicopter flights to Tallinn, but discontinued the regular service in December 2008 on grounds of unprofitability.

Sea transport

Ferry connections to Tallinn, Mariehamn and Stockholm are serviced by various companies. Finnlines passenger-freight ferries to Gdynia, Poland, Travemünde, Germany and Rostock, Germany are also available. St Peter Line offers passenger ferry service to Saint Petersburg several times a week.

Gallery

References

;Notes

External links

Scenaries, sights, and places to go in and near Helsinki in Wikimedia Commons

Hel.fi – Official website (in English; other languages available)

Visithelsinki.fi – Official City of Helsinki Tourism Website

Helsinki.mobi – Official mobile website

Helsinki.fi – City Portal

World Design Capital 2012 Helsinki Official site

Category:Capitals in Europe Category:Cities and towns in Finland Category:Populated coastal places in Finland Category:European Capitals of Culture Category:Host cities of the Summer Olympic Games Category:Municipalities of Uusimaa Region Category:Port cities and towns in Finland Category:Port cities and towns of the Baltic Sea Category:Populated places established in 1550 Category:IOC Session Host Cities

ace:Hèlsinki af:Helsinki am:ሄልሲንኪ ang:Helsinki ar:هلسنكي an:Helsinki arc:ܗܠܣܢܩܝ roa-rup:Helsinki ast:Ḥélsinki az:Helsinki bn:হেলসিঙ্কি zh-min-nan:Helsinki be:Горад Хельсінкі be-x-old:Хэльсынкі bar:Helsinki bo:ཧེལ་སིན་ཀི། bs:Helsinki br:Helsinki bg:Хелзинки ca:Hèlsinki cv:Хельсинки cs:Helsinky co:Helsinki cy:Helsinki da:Helsinki de:Helsinki et:Helsingi el:Ελσίνκι myv:Хельсинки ош es:Helsinki eo:Helsinko eu:Helsinki ee:Helsinki fa:هلسینکی hif:Helsinki fo:Helsinki fr:Helsinki fy:Helsinky ga:Heilsincí gv:Helsinki gag:Helsinki gd:Helsinki gl:Helsinqui - Helsinki ko:헬싱키 hy:Հելսինկի hi:हेलसिंकी hsb:Helsinki hr:Helsinki io:Helsinki id:Helsinki ia:Helsinki ie:Helsinki os:Хельсинки is:Helsinki it:Helsinki he:הלסינקי kl:Helsinki kn:ಹೆಲ್ಸಿಂಕಿ ka:ჰელსინკი csb:Helsinki kk:Хельсинки kw:Helsinki sw:Helsinki kv:Хельсинки ht:Èlzinki ku:Helsînkî koi:Хельсинки la:Helsingia (Finnia) lv:Helsinki lb:Helsinki lt:Helsinkis lij:Helsinki ln:Helsinki lg:Helsinki lmo:Helsinki hu:Helsinki mk:Хелсинки mg:Helsinki ml:ഹെൽസിങ്കി mt:Ħelsinki mi:Helsinki mr:हेलसिंकी arz:هيلسينكى ms:Helsinki nah:Helsinqui mrj:Хельсинки na:Helsinki nl:Helsinki ja:ヘルシンキ frr:Helsinki no:Helsingfors nn:Helsingfors nov:Helsinki oc:Helsinki mhr:Хельсинки uz:Helsinki pnb:ہیلسنکی pms:Helsinki nds:Helsinki pl:Helsinki pt:Helsínquia crh:Helsinki ro:Helsinki qu:Helsinki ru:Хельсинки sah:Хельсинки se:Helsset sco:Helsinki stq:Helsinki st:Helsinki sq:Helsinki scn:Helsinki simple:Helsinki sk:Helsinki sl:Helsinki so:Helsinki ckb:ھێلسینکی sr:Хелсинки sh:Helsinki fi:Helsinki sv:Helsingfors tl:Lungsod ng Helsinki ta:ஹெல்சின்கி tt:Хельсинки th:เฮลซิงกิ tg:Ҳелсинкӣ tr:Helsinki udm:Хельсинки uk:Гельсінкі ur:ہلسنکی ug:Xélsinki vec:Helsinki vi:Helsinki vo:Helsinki fiu-vro:Helsingi war:Helsinki yi:העלסינקי yo:Helsinki zh-yue:赫爾辛基 diq:Helsinki bat-smg:Helsėnkis zh:赫尔辛基

Coordinates	52°05′36″N5°7′10″N
played for	WHA Cleveland Crusaders Phoenix Roadrunners CHL Oklahoma City Blazers SM-liiga TPS HJK HIFK JIHL Kokudo Keikaku Nationalliga B EHC Visp
position	Winger
shoots	Left
height ft	5
height in	10
weight lb	185
nickname	Tami The Sun King (Aurinkokuningas)
nationality	FIN
birth date	May 26, 1950
birth place	Turku, FIN
career start	1969
career end	1982 }}

Juhani Tamminen (born May 26, 1950 in Turku) is a Finnish retired professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga and World Hockey Association. He played for TPS, HJK, HIFK, Cleveland Crusaders, and Phoenix Roadrunners. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1991.

Tamminen's post playing career has included coaching in Finland, Sweden and Switzerland, as well as various television sports commentator positions. Juhani Tamminen is also coaching Switzerland's and France's national ice hockey A-group.

References

External links

Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame bio

Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:People from Turku Category:Cleveland Crusaders players Category:Finnish ice hockey players Category:HIFK players Category:Oklahoma City Blazers (1965–1977) players Category:Phoenix Roadrunners (WHA) players Category:TPS players

sl:Juhani Tamminen fi:Juhani Tamminen sv:Juhani Tamminen

Coordinates	52°05′36″N5°7′10″N
name	Albrecht Schmidt
birth date	April 09, 1870
birth place	Copenhagen, Denmark
death date	March 05, 1945
occupation	Actor
yearsactive	1911 - 1941 }}

Albrecht Schmidt (9 April 1870 – 5 March 1945) was a Danish film actor. He appeared in 13 films between 1911 and 1941.

He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Filmography

''Skæbnebæltet'' (1911)

''Morfinisten'' (1911)

''Atlantis'' (1913)

''Klostret i Sendomir'' (1920)

''Häxan'' (1922)

''5 raske piger'' (1933)

''Flugten fra millionerne'' (1934)

''Sol over Danmark'' (1936)

''En fuldendt gentleman'' (1937)

''Den kloge Mand'' (1937)

''Kongen bød'' (1938)

''Sommerglæder'' (1940)

''Niels Pind og hans dreng'' (1941)

External links

Category:1870 births Category:1945 deaths Category:Danish film actors Category:Danish silent film actors Category:People from Copenhagen

da:Albrecht Schmidt sv:Albrecht Schmidt